Course Computer Systems for AI-programmers
"Computersystemen voor AI-programmeurs"
Week 8, 23 February 2010
Description
Although modern compilers can use many tricks to generate efficient code, much can be done by a programmer to assist the compiler in this task. In this class we show that optimization blockers, such as memory aliasing and procedure calls, seriously restrict the ability of compilers to perform extensive optimizations. We demonstrate the effect of a number of techniques, including loop unrolling and iteration splitting. We show that this requires knowledge about the architecture of modern processors, including the number and type of functional units.
In this class the following concepts are introduced:
- pipelining, stalling, bubbles
- machine independent optimizations, reducing procedure calls, reducing memory references
- machine dependent optimizations, loop unrolling, instruction parallelism, iteration splitting
- profiling, van Amdahl's law
Literature
The class is based on chapter of the book Computer Systems: A programmer's perspective by R.E. Bryant and D.R. O'Hallaron.
Recommanded reading (42 pages, 2 hours):
| 5.1 | Capabilities and Limitations of Optimizing Compilers |
| 5.2 | Expressing Program Performance |
| 5.3 | Program Example |
| 5.4 | Eliminating Loop Inefficiencies |
| 5.5 | Reducing Procedure Calls |
| 5.6 | Eliminating Unneeded Memory References |
| 5.7 | Understanding Modern Processors |
| 5.8 | Reducing Loop Overhead |
| 5.10 | Enhancing Parallism |
| 5.11 | Putting it Together: Summery of Results for Optimizing Code |
| 5.14 | Life in the Real World: Performance Improvement Techniques |
| 5.15 | Identifying and Eliminating Performance Bottlenecks |
| 5.16 | Summary |
Schedule
The class is scheduled in three hours:
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Lecture (Recording):
'Computer system - Optimizing program performance (machine independent)'
Practice Problem 5.1: 'What effect has the call swap(&xp, &xp)?'
Practice Problem 5.3: 'Indicate the number of function calls in 3 code-fragments'
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Lecture (Recording) :
'Computer system - Optimizing program performance (machine dependent)'
Practice Problem 5.5: 'What program variable has been spilled for combine6()?'
Practice Problem 5.6: 'Indicate the CPE of different associated products.'
Last updated 24 February 2010
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